Fifty-four percent of all ship accidents in 2018 were due to navigational issues such as collisions with other ships, icebergs, infrastructure, or grounding on the sea

Ports are the sites of major pollution, where large vessels continue to run their engines even while at berth, and heavy-lifting work is being performed by diesel-powe

The unwanted accumulation of biological material on ship hulls, known as fouling, can cause an increase in fuel consumption by up to 40%.[1] In the U.S.

The aquaculture industry currently produces approximately half of the fish for global consumption, and this is expected to reach two-thirds by 2030.[1,2] Given the tre

Thermal vents on the sea floor provide a source of infinitely renewable power and rare minerals.

With approximately 3000 ships sailing at any one time, the North Sea is one of the busiest shipping areas in the world.[1] Many of the medium-sized vessels require app

The maritime shipping industry currently transports 90% of the goods traded around the world.[1] The industry is responsible for nearly 3% of the world’s CO2 emissions

Offshore wind farms are playing an important role as Europe transitions to renewable energy.

Deep sea mining is expected to grow 37% annually, from $650mn in 2020 to $15.3bn by 2030.[1] Hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor are chimney-like structures where un

Between 2020 and 2030, it has been forecasted that approximately 4,091 offshore turbines will be installed throughout all of Europe.[1] Counting the modern standard de

Owners and operators of wind parks are challenged with keeping turbine blades in optimum condition.[1] A combination of accumulated debris, dust deposits, and blade ro

Communication from the depths of the seas currently requires a cable connection or acoustic transmission.

In the North Sea approximately 2000 wells are planned to be permanently plugged and abandoned in the upcoming decade.[1] The industry is already closing more sites tha

Ambitions for zero emission maritime operations by 2030 require new power sources.

A particular pain point in shipping is that vessels need specific documents delivered to ports before they arrive.

The total capacity of the offshore wind sector in Europe grew by 18% in 2018 alone.[1] The prospect of larger turbines and deeper waters present a challenge to the cur

In Europe, 65 offshore wind parks will need to be re-powered, upgraded, or decommissioned, in the next 20 years.[1] The first decommissioning project began in 2016, an

Today's 22,000 TEU (twenty-foot equivalent unit) container vessels will be small compared to the 50,000 TEU vessels forecasted 50 years from now.[1] Modifying existing

Aerial drones are increasing in applicability, and are already used for structural inspections of offshore platforms and wind farms.[1,2,3] Their integration and modul

Europe has over 4,000 offshore wind turbines in operation, supplying a total of 15.8 GW.